The Sequence structure walks students through the five moves historians make with every primary source: identify, contextualize, analyze, corroborate, and evaluate. As students apply this framework to real documents—letters, memoirs, and historians' analyses—they build a transferable habit of source analysis they can use across any unit. Use this structure in your classroom!

The Dot Plot structure asks students to map global cities the way geographers do — placing London, Tokyo, Mumbai, and others along axes of benefits and diversity to reveal the patterns and tradeoffs that define urban life. As students plot each city and explain their reasoning, they practice the spatial thinking and comparative analysis that geographers use to make sense of how places differ. Use this structure in your classroom!

The Venn structure asks students to compare fiscal and monetary policy the way economists do by weighing the role of tools, goals, and decision-makers. Students move byeond memorizing definitions as they analyze how the two policy levers actually work together to shape the economy. Use this structure in your classroom!